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These are some of the more common tests done during gestation. First trimester pre-natal screening tests First trimester screening is a combination of fetal ultrasound and motherly blood testing. It can help find out the threat that the fetus has certain birth blights. First trimester screening has 3 tests. A) Ultrasound test for fetal nuchal translucence (NT) Nuchal translucence screening uses an ultrasound test to check the area at the reverse of the fetal neck for redundant fluid or thickening. B) Two motherly serum (blood) tests These tests measure 2 substances set up in the blood of all pregnant women • gestation- associated tube protein screening (PAPP- A) This is a protein made by the placenta in early gestation. Abnormal situations are linked to advanced threat for chromosome problems. • Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) This is a hormone made by the placenta in early gestation. Abnormal situations are linked to advanced threat for chromosome problems C) You will have a urine test at your first antenatal visit and at latterly visits, too. The urinalysis tests for sugar, protein, ketones, bacteria, and blood cells to make sure you do not have a condition similar as a UTI, gravid diabetes, or preeclampsia. During the first trimester of pregnancy you will have a blood test to find out your blood type, such as type A or type B. Also, your blood will be tested for the Rh factor. What is the Rh factor? The Rh factor is a protein that can be found on the surface of red blood cells. Second trimester pre-natal screening tests Second trimester prenatal screening may include several blood tests. These are called multiple labels. They give information about a woman's threat of having a baby with certain inheritable conditions or birth blights. A) Alpha- fetoprotein screening (AFP) This blood test measures the position of nascence- fetoprotein in your blood during gestation. AFP is a protein typically made by the fetal liver. It's in the fluid around the fetus (amniotic fluid) and crosses the placenta into your blood. The AFP blood test is also called MSAFP (motherly serum AFP). B) Other labels • Hcg: This is mortal chorionic gonadotropin hormone. It's made by the placenta. • Estriol: hormone made by the placenta. • Inhibin: hormone made by the placenta. Abnormal results of AFP and other labels may mean you need further testing. An ultrasound is frequently done to confirm the dates of the gestation. It also looks at the fetal chine and other body corridor for problems. You may need an amniocentesis for accurate opinion. What's an amniocentesis? An amniocentesis is a test that takes a small sample of the amniotic fluid. It's done to diagnose chromosome problems and open neural tube blights (ONTDs) similar as spina bifida. The test can also look for other inheritable problems and diseases if you have a family history of them. An amniocentesis is generally offered to women between the 15th and 20th weeks of gestation who are at advanced threat for chromosome problems. This includes women who have had an abnormal motherly blood screening test. The test may have indicated advanced threat for a chromosome problem or neural tube disfigurement. What's a chorionic villus slice (CVS)? Chorionic villus slice (CVS) is a pre-natal test. It involves taking a sample of some of the placental towel. This towel frequently has the same inheritable material as the fetus. It can be tested for chromosome problems and some other inheritable problems. The test can also look for other inheritable problems and diseases if you have a family history of them. What's fetal monitoring? Fetal heart rate monitoring is a way of checking the rate and meter of the fetal twinkle. The average fetal heart rate is between 110 and 160 beats per nanosecond. It may change as the fetus responds to conditions in the uterus. An abnormal fetal heart rate or pattern may mean that the fetus isn't getting enough oxygen or there are other problems. It also may mean that an exigency or caesarean delivery is demanded. What are glucose tolerance tests and the glucose challenge? • The first 1- hour test is a glucose challenge test. However, a glucose tolerance test is done, If the results are abnormal. • A glucose tolerance test (blood sugar) is frequently done in weeks 24 to 28 of gestation. It measures situations of sugar (glucose) in your blood. • Abnormal glucose situations may be a sign of gravid diabetes. How is a glucose tolerance test performed? You may be asked to only drink water on the day the glucose tolerance test is given. Although the specific details of each procedure may vary, a typical glucose tolerance test includes the following steps: • An initial fasting sample of blood will be drawn from your vein. • You will be given a special glucose solution to drink. • Blood will be drawn at various times over the course of several hours to measure the glucose levels in your body. Group B Strep Culture Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria found in the lower genital tract of about 20 percent of all women. While a GBS infection does not usually cause problems in women before pregnancy, it can cause serious illness in mothers during pregnancy. GBS may cause chorioamnionitis (a severe infection of the placental tissues) and postpartum infection. Urinary tract infections caused by GBS can lead to preterm labour and birth or pyelonephritis and sepsis. What's an ultrasound? An ultrasound check-up is a test that uses high-frequence sound swells to make filmland of the internal organs. A screening ultrasound is occasionally done during a gestation to check normal fetal growth and make sure of the due date. Book your routine pregnancy tests, such as urine test, blood tests, glucose (blood sugar) test, and many more such as ultrasound, radiography at your nearest pathology lab.